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Some medications commonly prescribed to treat symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may increase the long-term risk of early death, a new study reports.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Scientists from Cedars-Sinai Health Sciences University in Los Angeles say that long-term use of two of the medications \u2014 They added that long-term use of antidepressants<\/a> to treat IBS symptoms was associated with a 35% higher risk of death.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n However, the researchers noted that although the overall increase in risk is statistically significant, the risk to any individual is small.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cIBS patients should not panic, but they do need to understand and weigh the small but meaningful risks when considering long-term treatments,\u201d said Ali Rezaie<\/a>, MD, the medical director of the GI Motility Program at Cedars-Sinai and senior author of the study, in a statement<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cMany patients are diagnosed with IBS at a young age and may remain on medications for years,\u201d Rezaie said. \u201cHowever, most clinical trials of these medications last less than a year, so we know very little about their long-term safety. This study begins to address that gap.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Rudolph Bedford<\/a>, MD, a gastroenterologist at Providence Saint John\u2019s Health Center in Santa Monica, CA, said that the research only establishes an association between IBS medications and risk of death and not a direct cause-and-effect relationship. Bedford wasn\u2019t involved in the study.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cThe risk to any one person is small, so there is no reason to panic,\u201d he told Healthline.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Bedford added that the symptoms of IBS can be painful and even debilitating, so in many cases, the medications do far more good than harm. \u201cIt\u2019s about quality of life at the end of the day,\u201d he said. \u201cThe benefits definitely outweigh the risks for many patients.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n The Cedars-Sinai researchers reached their conclusions after examining two decades of health records from nearly 670,000 adults in the United States.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n They said their research is the largest real-world study to examine the long-term safety of IBS treatments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Researchers looked at study participants who were taking IBS medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as well as antidepressants, antispasmodics, and opioid-based antidiarrheal drugs<\/a> such as loperamide and diphenoxylate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n They acknowledged their study did not establish that these medications directly cause death. Instead, they said the observed associations may reflect higher rates of adverse outcomes, such as cardiovascular events, falls, and stroke.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n They added that some medications, including antispasmodics<\/a> and treatments for constipation, were not found to have an association with an increased risk of all-cause mortality.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Ketan Thanki<\/a>, MD, a colorectal surgeon specializing in benign and malignant disease of the colon, rectum, and anus at the MemorialCare Todd Cancer Institute at Long Beach Medical Center, said further research is needed before any specific conclusions can be drawn. Thanki wasn\u2019t involved in the study.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cFor now, we should still approach these findings with caution,\u201d he told Healthline. \u201cAs the authors point out, correlation does not imply causation, and further examination of the data and additional studies are needed to determine whether other factors are also involved.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Nonetheless, Thanki said people with IBS should be aware of these findings.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cPeople who take IBS medications should certainly not panic,\u201d he said. \u201cHowever, they should ask their physicians if they have other risk factors, which may also correlate to negative outcomes when taking the particular drugs they are on.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Bedford agreed with this assessment. \u201cPatients and medical professionals need to be educated and be cognizant of the potential long-term effects. They shouldn\u2019t have a cavalier attitude about it,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n It\u2019s estimated<\/a> that 25\u201345 million people in the United States have IBS.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Of those, about 31% report having mild IBS symptoms, while 48% say they have moderate symptoms, and 20% state they have severe symptoms that can affect daily life.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n The cause of IBS isn\u2019t known, but it is associated<\/a> with a number of factors. These include:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Common symptoms of IBS include:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n There are a number of treatments for IBS symptoms. They include:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Acupuncture has been tested as a potential treatment<\/a> for IBS, but the results so far have been mixed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n IBS was once thought to be a condition that mostly affected younger people, but medical experts now say it can also affect older adults<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n Experts say there are pharmaceuticals as well as lifestyle habits that can help manage IBS symptoms.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Bedford said medications can help in several ways. Among them:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cMedications are all about treating symptoms,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Bedford said there are also several ways a person can improve symptoms through lifestyle changes. They include:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Thanki said diet is one of the most important aspects of any treatment routine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cStart with dietary modification \u2014 low-FODMAP trial with dietitian guidance, add fiber, reduce fats<\/a>, eat smaller portions, limit caffeine and alcohol<\/a>, and avoid personal trigger foods<\/a>. This is one of the most effective ways to manage IBS,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cAdd regular exercise and address sleep,\u201d Thanki continued. \u201cAssess for psychological comorbidities<\/a> and consider gut-directed therapy such as hypnotherapy<\/a> or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and stress management. Lastly, an underutilized tool is addressing pelvic floor dysfunction<\/a> with physical therapy and biofeedback.\u201c<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n